Hinweise zur optimalen Erstellung von Ausschreibungsunterlagen

Gerne möchten wir Ihnen im Folgenden einige Gedanken dazu mitteilen und Ihnen wichtige Hinweise zur optimalen Erstellung von Ausschreibungsunterlagen geben. Der Artikel berücksichtigt die vollständige Überarbeitung des Interkantonalen Übereinkommens über das öffentliche Beschaffungswesen (AIMP) (https://www.belex.sites.be.ch/app/de/texts_of_law/731.2-1 ).

Die erste Frage, die Sie sich als Vergabestelle stellen sollten: Unterliegt die Vergabestelle den Bestimmungen über öffentliche Aufträge? Genauere Informationen finden Sie in Artikel 4 des AIMP.

Vertragsart

Als Nächstes definieren Sie die Aufgabe. Die folgenden Fragen helfen Ihnen dabei: Um welche Art von Projekt handelt es sich? Was muss beschafft werden? Um welche Vertragsart handelt es sich: Liefer-, Dienstleistungs- oder Bauvertrag? Überlegen Sie sich die Vertragsart genau. Hinweise dazu finden Sie in Artikel 8 des AIMP.

Vertragswert

Es ist von großer Bedeutung, den Vertragswert sorgfältig zu ermitteln. Eine verlässliche Kostenkalkulation ist unerlässlich. Orientieren Sie sich dabei am oberen Ende der Spanne. Beachten Sie das Verbot der Aufspaltung . Alle eng verwandten Dienstleistungen sowie Folgeverträge und Optionen müssen berücksichtigt werden. Bei befristeten Verträgen addieren Sie die Vergütungen über die gesamte Laufzeit (in der Regel fünf Jahre). Weitere Einzelheiten zur Berechnung des Marktwerts finden Sie in Art. 15 des AIMP.

Art des Verfahrens

Bestimmen Sie anschließend die Art des Verfahrens . Es kann sich um ein Verfahren im Bereich internationaler Verträge oder um ein Verfahren im Bereich nicht-internationaler Verträge handeln. Man unterscheidet zwischen: offenem Verfahren, selektivem Verfahren, Direktvergabeverfahren und Einladungsverfahren. Für die verschiedenen Verfahrensarten gelten unterschiedliche Schwellenwerte. Die Artikel 16 ff. und die Anhänge 1 und 2 des AIMP sind hierbei relevant. Anschließend ist es wichtig, die Kriterien und deren Bewertungsmethode festzulegen (Art. 26 AIMP). Beispielsweise sind die Grundsätze der Zuschlagskriterien zu berücksichtigen (Art. 29 AIMP). Diese müssen mit der Dienstleistung/dem Angebot verknüpft, objektiv und nachvollziehbar sein. Ziel ist es, das vorteilhafteste Angebot zu ermitteln. Mögliche Kriterien sind Preis und Qualität, Ästhetik, Effektivität der Methodik, Funktionalität, Innovationsgehalt, Kreativität, Kundenservice, Lieferbedingungen, Langlebigkeit, Verfügbarkeit der Dienstleistung, Fristen, Wirtschaftlichkeit und Eignung. Ja/Nein-Kriterien sind nicht optimal. Die Gewichtung muss angemessen und proportional sein. Verwenden Sie für alle Zuschlagskriterien dieselbe Bewertungsskala.

Vergabeunterlagen/Schlüsselelemente

Erst dann beginnen Sie mit der Erstellung der Vergabeunterlagen (Art. 35/36 AIMP). Dazu analysieren Sie die Schlüsselelemente , z. B. welche Aspekte komplexer sind als bei anderen Verträgen. Dies können wichtige technische oder lokale Faktoren sein.

Berücksichtigen Sie wichtige Aspekte wie Änderungen der erhobenen Mengen, die Einführung einer neuen Sammlung usw. Die Schlüsselelemente helfen Ihnen, die Mindestkriterien (z. B. Transportgenehmigung), die Qualifikationskriterien und die Vergabekriterien festzulegen.

Leistungsbeschreibung/Spezifikationen

Anschließend erstellen Sie eine Leistungsbeschreibung . Darauf aufbauend folgen die Spezifikationen . Beschreiben Sie die Leistungen präzise, ​​damit die am besten geeignete gefunden werden kann.

Bewertung

Ziehen Sie eine Fachabteilung für technische Expertise (z. B. Logistik) hinzu. Erstellen Sie im nächsten Schritt eine fundierte Bewertung . Überlegen Sie, welche Informationen Sie vom Dienstleister benötigen, um die Bewertung durchführen zu können. Beispielsweise müssen Sie möglicherweise festlegen, ob die Qualifikationskriterien erfüllt sind oder wie die Vergabekriterien gewichtet werden usw.

Nachdem alle Formeln, Masken, Eingabefelder, Tabellen usw. geprüft wurden, ist es sinnvoll, die Bewertung zu testen, um ihre Funktionsfähigkeit sicherzustellen. Es kann hilfreich sein, eine Marktanalyse durchzuführen, um die Ausrichtung der Bewertung festzulegen.

Vertragsentwurf

Idealerweise fügen Sie einen Vertragsentwurf bei , um mehr Transparenz zu gewährleisten. Mögliche Inhalte sind Art der Dienstleistung, Laufzeit, Haftung, Kündigung, Rechtsgrundlagen und Vergütung. Die Anhänge sind in der Regel von großer Bedeutung und bilden oft die wichtigste Grundlage für die Preisberechnung. Beispielsweise kann eine Checkliste als Leitfaden für den Bieter dienen, oder es stehen Angebotsformulare zur Verfügung, die vom Bieter ausgefüllt werden können.

Ein letzter Tipp: Verwenden Sie Vorlagen, die von Rechtsexperten geprüft und freigegeben wurden.

This is followed by the publication and/or dispatch of the award documents (art. 48 AIMP). As of 01.07.2024, SIMAP https://www.simap.ch/de /  has been restructured and you will need to register again.

Tenders submitted by the deadline are opened and recorded in the tender opening minutes. After the award, tenderers may consult the minutes on request (art. 37 AIMP).

During the overall examination of the bids, you first sort out the valid and invalid bids, and then proceed with the evaluation (art. 38 et seq. AIMP).

The most advantageous tender is selected (according to the criteria defined). The award is notified. Publication on SIMAP must contain the minimum content. From now on, a letter is not necessary if you have mentioned it beforehand in the invitation to tender.

Once the appeal period has expired, which is now 20 days, you can conclude the contract (art. 42 AIMP).

The above lists should not be considered exhaustive.

We’d be delighted to share our knowledge with you when you submit your next quotation. Request a quotation. If you would like to find out more about exporting waste, you can find our latest articles here:

• The export of waste in Europe
• Export of wastes? We know how!!!
• Exporting waste from Switzerland: Waste exports from Switzerland: what should we learn from the figures for 2022?

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L’article Tenders – what to look out for est apparu en premier sur Gaia Conseils.

Diese Zahlen verdeutlichen nicht nur das Ausmaß der Abfallexporte, sondern auch die Notwendigkeit, diesen Prozess sorgfältig zu steuern, um Umweltschäden zu minimieren und Nachhaltigkeit zu fördern. Ein verantwortungsvolles Management von Abfallexporten ist daher entscheidend. Somit wird sichergestellt dass die Abfallentsorgung nicht auf Kosten der Umwelt oder weniger regulierter Länder geht.

¹ Source: https://www.bafu.admin.ch/bafu/de/home/themen/abfall/zustand/daten.html 

Unsere neuesten Beiträge:

• The export of waste in Europe
• Export of wastes? We know how!!!

Environmental Protection (EPA) and Ordinance on the Movement of Waste (VeVa)

In Switzerland, the export of waste is strictly regulated by a comprehensive set of rules aimed at protecting the environment and ensuring the sustainability of waste disposal. The basis for this is the Environmental Protection Act (EPA) together with the Ordinance on the Movement of Waste (VeVA). Which sets out the framework for the handling and export of waste. These laws ensure that waste is only exported if it cannot be treated appropriately at home or if specialised processes abroad allow it to be processed in a more environmentally friendly way.

Lacking technical possibilities in Switzerland

The need to export certain types of waste often arises from the fact that either the technical possibilities for specific treatment are lacking in Switzerland or the domestic capacities for recycling or disposal are insufficient. In addition, exporting to countries with specialised recycling facilities enables more efficient and environmentally friendly recycling of certain materials. Such as hazardous waste or specific industrial waste. This approach helps to minimise environmental impact globally by bringing waste to facilities that use the best available techniques for processing it.

Switzerland’s export portfolio

Various types of waste are exported in Switzerland. The diversity and quantity of which reflect the complexity of waste management and the need for specialised treatment methods. In 2022, the spectrum of exported waste covered an impressive range. From de-inking sludges from paper recycling to mechanically separated waste from paper and cardboard. Also more specific categories such as casting moulds and sands or unpolluted excavated and excavation material. The export volumes of these categories exceeded the thousand tonne mark in each case. Which underlines the significant role of these waste streams in Switzerland’s export portfolio.

Paper recycling

Besonders hervorzuheben sind die Deinking-Schlämme aus dem Papierrecycling. Which represent an important fraction as they require specialised recycling processes that may not be available in Switzerland. Which justifies their export. The situation is similar for mechanically separated waste. Whose volume exceeds the available domestic processing capacities or which requires specialised recycling processes that can be carried out more efficiently abroad.

The category of non-ferrous metal waste and plastics illustrates the global demand for secondary raw materials that can be recovered from such materials. The export of these materials not only supports the circular economy on an international level, but also helps to increase resource efficiency and reduce dependence on newly mined raw materials.

An article in the newspaper 24 heures² from 5 January 2024 highlights that a significant proportion of Swiss waste. In particular more than 80% from the construction sector, crosses the country’s borders. Around 800,000 tonnes of construction waste are exported abroad every year. Which underlines the importance of this type of waste in the context of international waste management. ²https://www.24heures.ch/enquete-sur-les-chantiers-la-suisse-exporte-trop-souvent-ses-dechets-de-construction-534316651361

The countries that serve as the main destinations for these exports vary. With Switzerland having agreements with various European and non-European countries to ensure the environmentally sound treatment of this waste. The choice of destinations depends not only on existing treatment capacities, but also on established environmental standards.

This emphasises the need to strenghten the international partnerships.

We have to focus on sustainable waste management practices that won’t see the export of waste as a problem. It’s a part of a global solution for resource mangaement and environmental protection.

Hazardous waste

Hazardous waste is a special category of waste exports due to its potentially harmful properties for the environment and health. In 2022, Switzerland exported a total of 570,707 tonnes of hazardous waste, which underlines the importance and volume of this specific type of waste. The treatment of this waste requires specialised processes and facilities to ensure that no harmful emissions are released into the environment or endanger human health.

Treatment methods

The treatment methods for exported hazardous waste include thermal treatment, chemical-physical treatment (CP), biological processes, recycling and reprocessing. Each of these methods addresses the specific risks and challenges posed by hazardous waste and aims to minimise its harmful effects. Thermal treatment and recycling in particular play an important role in reducing the volume and hazardousness of this waste.

Challenges

However, the export of hazardous waste is also associated with challenges. These include ensuring that the waste is treated to the highest environmental and health standards in the recipient countries. This requires careful selection of treatment facilities and close international co-operation to ensure that waste treatment does not lead to a shift in environmental problems. In addition, the transboundary transport of hazardous waste raises safety and logistics issues that need to be managed effectively. Handling with hazardous waste in the export highlights the need of careful planning, strict regulations and transparent international co-operation.

The role of Gaia Conseils

The analysis of the export of waste from Switzerland in 2022 highlights the complexity and challenges of dealing with waste at national and international level. Despite the impressive amount of over 3 million tonnes of exported waste, excluding hazardous waste, the practice underlines the need to find and further develop sustainable and efficient solutions for waste management. As a Swiss engineering company, GAIA Conseils wants to play a central role in this. By assisting companies in designing innovative treatment methods³ in Switzerland and providing administrative support with export and import formalities⁴ , GAIA Conseils makes a significant contribution to optimising waste management.

³ GAIA projects

⁴ Expertise GAIA 

It is crucial to expand domestic recycling and waste treatment capacities. This would not only reduce the environmental impact, but also reduce dependence on international disposals. The emphasis must be on developing and implementing circular economy models that increase resource efficiency and minimise the generation of waste. GAIA Conseils’ commitment and expertise can act as a catalyst for innovative solutions and guide the way to a more sustainable future in waste management.

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¹Our last post

FOEN / FOBCS

In Switzerland, the Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN) and the Federal Office for Customs and Border Security (FOBCS) are responsible for regulating and monitoring the export of waste. If you wish to export waste from Switzerland, you must comply with certain steps and regulations:

Registration with the FOEN: Before you can export waste from Switzerland, you must register with the FOEN and provide all the necessary information. The FOEN will then submit the application and may impose further conditions on you.

Border crossing and customs: You must contact the Federal Office for Customs and Border Security (FOBCS) and go through all the necessary customs procedures in order to export the waste legally.

Obtain the consent of the recipient country: Depending on the type of waste and the destination country, you must obtain the consent of the recipient country. This may require written authorisation (PIC procedure).

Transport and labelling: The waste must be properly packaged, labelled and transported to ensure that it does not have a harmful impact on the environment.

Exporting waste? We know how to do it! (and are happy to help!)

It is crucial to check the current guidelines and regulations with the Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN) or the Federal Office for Customs and Border Security (FOBCS) as well as the environmental authorities of the recipient country to ensure that you fulfil the current requirements.

We have the knowledge in the export / import of waste and we are happy to help you!!!

For up-to-date information on Switzerland, click here:

https://www.bafu.admin.ch/bafu/en/home/topics/waste/info-specialists/waste-policy-and-measures/transboundary-movements-of-waste–valid-for-the-principality-of-.html

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The key regulations and principles related to the export of waste in Europe included:

Basel Convention: The Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal is an international treaty that aims to control the movement of hazardous waste between countries. Several European countries are parties to this convention, and it sets guidelines for the export and import of hazardous waste.

European Waste Shipment Regulation: The European Union had its own regulations governing the shipment of waste within the EU and the export of waste to non-EU countries. The Waste Shipment Regulation (WSR) aimed to ensure that waste was managed and disposed of properly and safely, minimizing environmental and health risks.

Waste Hierarchy: The EU’s waste hierarchy prioritizes waste management practices in the following order: prevention, reuse, recycling, recovery, and disposal. This hierarchy is intended to reduce waste generation and promote recycling and recovery over disposal.

Prior Informed Consent Procedure: For certain types of waste, including hazardous waste, a prior informed consent procedure is required before it could be exported to another country. This procedure involves obtaining consent from the destination country before shipping the waste.

Illegal Waste Shipments: The EU had strict penalties and enforcement mechanisms in place to combat illegal waste shipments, which can harm the environment and public health. This included inspections of waste shipments to ensure compliance with regulations.

Please note that regulations and policies relating to the management and export of waste may change over time and that new developments may occur. It is essential to refer to the most recent regulations in force in Europe or in the various European countries. You can consult the relevant government agencies, such as the European Environment Agency.

For up-to-date information on Switzerland, click here:

https://www.bafu.admin.ch/bafu/en/home/topics/waste/info-specialists/waste-policy-and-measures/transboundary-movements-of-waste–valid-for-the-principality-of-.html

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Next article on the administrative aspects of the waste business – notifications.

L’article The export of waste in Europe est apparu en premier sur Gaia Conseils.